Reflecting
on the method for converting heat into mechanical energy that the cold part I
create by doing work I saw an untapped so far from me the opportunity for
effective work - It would be better to replace expansion valve on
"refrigerator"with
a turbine (or piston / cylinder; generally speaking
converter heat into mechanical energy) diagram (1a)( 1).
On both sides of the expansion
valve system for redistributing heat ("refrigerator") there is a
temperature difference (differential pressure) which is a prerequisite turbine
to perform work. By doing this work converter of heat into mechanical energy (as well
as all others who work in the method) achieved two important goals for us:
- Mechanical
energy
- Cold
The
mechanical energy is our goal, and the cold part we need in the process of
internal cooling in the absence of such a natural.
Let the
operating cycle of the n-th working substance creating cold part by using
cooler. Replace the expansion valve with a turbine. We now have a further
beneficial force that is a result of the conversion of heat into mechanical energy.
Replacing
expansion valve with turbine converts refrigerant in working substance. Now in the cold part (the last n-th
cycle of the working substance with the lowest boiling point) have two working substances with a
common cold part - the cold part of the system for redistributing heat.
In the cold
part the working substance liquefies
because of the low temperature generated in the expansion of refrigerant due to
the compressor. In the warm part of the working cycle of the refrigerant already
liquid working substance is heated with the same amount of heat which is taken
away from him at liquefaction. Thus, after the heat exchanger in the hot part will have a liquid working substance
having a temperature ½ of the difference
between the temperature on entry into the turbine and its boiling point
Working
cycle on refrigerant becomes neutral - no change in temperatures, considering that the same amount of
heat is removed and transferred from refrigerant gas at working substance. Therefore the work of the compressor and turbine are the
same - as the mechanical power is converted
into heat in the course of operation of the compressor on refrigerant, so the same heat turbine is turned into mechanical power. Cycle
on refrigerant
agent is a neutral
shade.
Energy
balance on n-th working substance + refrigerant
(provided that the turbines convert 50% of the heat into mechanical energy)
will be:
A zero cycle
– the "refrigerator"
A cycle in
which 50% of the heat is converted into mechanical energy - the working
substance
The outcome
of the two cycles is a liquid working substance with a temperature 1/2 of the difference between its temperature
before entering the turbine and then the heat exchanger in the hot part of the
"fridge".
Thus, in the
last cycle (n) working substance decelerated for some amount of heat
as has become a
mechanical energy, whereby cooled the previous(n-1) to allow the unit to operate.
Variant of еngine with two working substances (ammonia and ethylene in the case) - chart 3
In optimal load of the turbine and compressor at best we can achieve a temperature difference between input and output = (Tenv - Tbp) / 2
where : Tenv- temperature on environment;
Tbp - boiling point of the first working substance
The power will be expressed (ideally):
P = cm (Tenv - Tbp) / 2
where: c - specific heat capacity of the first working substance
m - mass of first working substance circulating for a given time
Note again: As with all engine variants of the external combustion - internal cooling method cold/s part create it beforehand using external force.
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